Ethnobotany of the Tomato Plant :: Botany Plant Genetics

Ethnobotany of the Tomato PlantThe origin of the cultivated love apple is approximately unclear. Ethnobotanists and geneticists however have attempted to track down the centre of domestication. The genus Lycopersicon- the botanical sort out to which the tomato passs- is native to western South the States, and only Lycopersicon lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, the wild cherry form of the cultivated species, has spread throughout Latin America and the New World Tropics. Second, the tomato was not known in Europe until after the discovery and conquest of America, descriptions and drawings first appearing in the European herbals of the centre and late 16th century. Third, these writings clearly reveal that man had been trying to improve the size of the tomato and the diversity of its shape and color. These achievements over the wild ancestors were to the highest degree certainly achieved by early man in America. Mexico appears to have been the site of domestication and the source of t he earliest introductions, and the wild cherry tomato was probably the prompt ancestor. As a matter of fact, the bulk of the historical, linguistic, archaeological and ethnobotanical evidence favours Mexico, particularly the Vera Cruz-Puebla ara, as the source of the cultivated tomatoes that were first transported to the Old World. Although the origin of the tomato is somewhat clouded, there is no doubt that the cultigen of today has had a long journey.When the tomato finally made its way to Europe, the public responded with fear for several probable reasons. First, tomatoes belong to the family Solanaceae, which includes Datura and Belladonna - the deadly nightshade, among other poisonous species. The assumption was that tomatoes must be poisonous as well. Second, in Germany, because of its terrible smell, the tomato plant was rejected. The tomato acquired names like the Devils wolf apple. This great fear of toxicity of the tomato plant probably prevented its utilization for man y centuries. Today, the toxicity of the Solanaceae family has been studied extensively, and it has been entrap that most of the species are posionous. Obviously Belladonna and Datura are among the more poisonous members of the family, but the potato plant is also quite toxic. Lycopersicon spp., which are less toxic than the other members of the family, contain tomatine, a toxic glycoalkaloid .Many wild relatives of the tomato such as Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme, L. chilense, L. peruvianum, L. hirsutum, and L. pimpinellifolium are among the richest genetic pools ready(prenominal) for cross breeding.

Fitzgeralds Satirical Portrait of Modern Society :: essays research papers fc

Fitzgeralds Satirical Portrait of Modern SocietyThe extensive Gatsby, a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, depicts life in the 1920s. TheRoaring Twenties, a nickname given to the decade laden with flippancy, is a time where the rich wad in partnership have little to do, and a lot of capital to spend in many ways. Jay Gatsby, one ofthe newly rich people, chooses to spend his money throwing wild parties every weekend in thesummer. Fitzgerald paints a picture of modern society by writing or so the lavish parties thrownby Gatsby and the manner of the guests who attend them. When Nick Carraway describes the scene at Gatsbys mansion while preparing for a party,At least once a fortnight a army corps of caterers came down....On the buffet tables, garnished withglistening hors d oeuvre, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs andpastry pigs...In the main hall a bar with a real brass rail....By sevensome oclock the orchestra hasarrived (44), he tells of the luxuries pro vided by Gatsby in order to publish his guests. Fitzgerald is mocking the way people in society try, at great extents, to impress each other. Gatsbys careless spending of his money parallels the decadent spending of people in modernsociety. One of the twins tells Nick about how Gatsby bought her an big-ticket(prenominal) gown, When Iwas here last I tore my gown on a chair, and he asked me for my name and address- inside a weekI got a package from Croiriers with a new evening gown in it, (47). This shows that Gatsbyspends his money in an exorbitant manner, much like the way modern society spends money. The people at Gatsbys parties often stay for days and are uninvited. Most of the guestsdont know Gatsby, let alone care about him. The loss of manners and self-centeredness ofmodern society are exemplified by the way the guests treat Gatsby, and how they gossip abouttheir host. They impose upon his hospitality and outstay their welcome, A man namedKlipspringer was there so often and so long that he became known as the boarder- I doubt if hehad any other home, (67). When Gatsby is non around, the guests often fabricate stories abouthis life. Hes a bootlegger. One time he killed a man who had found out that he was nephew tovon Hindenburg and split second cousin to the devil, (65). Rumors of his personal life circulate hisparties and grow as his guests embellish on them.

The Chrysanthemums :: essays research papers

In Steinbecks "The Chrysanthemums" enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay, poster woman for the feminist movement is a victim of her environment by disconnected. Working attempts to change and coming to identification that she will remain oppressed. Elisa opens her door of acceptance to Tinkerman. She yearns for someone to understand her quest for adventure. Buried in the third world of individualism, behind her fenced flowers, she longs for escape. notwithstanding her efforts, she looks away to the recognition of her circumstance and imprisonment.     Elisa Allen is a lonely woman who enjoys growing and nourishing her chrysanthemums. Since her married man is always working by the fence, he never gives Elisa due attention and affection. Knowing that she outhouse never intervene her husbands work Elisa watched them for a moment and then went back to her work. Her husband says I wish youd work out in the orchard and raise some apples that big. Lett ing alone his lack of interest for her chrysanthemums, he does not even care about her. Elisa is vex and anger by her husbands lack of care, and she decides to take care of her chrysanthemums-symbol of how beautiful she really is. Despite her effort, she realizes that she is gradually detached from the world outside the garden. Her gardening area is a cage that protects her from potential harms. Everything changes, however, when the tinkerman arrive. Seeing that the tinker shows interest in the Chrysanthemums, Elisa, although hesitant at first, melted the irritation from her face and begins to reach out towards the outside world.Knowing that the flowers and Elisa have interchangeable meanings, the tinkerman shows interest in her chrysanthemums, which reflects to Elisa directly, in golf-club to persuade her to find something for him to fix. He says oh beautiful, with this, she now feels appreciate and attractive to this stranger. His compliment to her about her flowers leads her to feel obligate to allow him to enter her world. The tinkerman asks Elisa to help other lady, Elisa feels strong and tight with eagerness. After giving the instructions, Elisa feels proud and good. After hearing the tinkermans description of his profession, Elisa wishes to explore more with him, it mustiness be very nice. I wish women could do such things." The disappointment for Elisa follows her wishes, the tinkerman says it aint the right kind of a life for a woman. The time has come, Elisa must let the tinkerman go on to his own adventure, but in their exchange, Elisa gain confidence and realize how beautiful she can be.

the bare sylvia plath :: essays research papers

     The Bare Sylvia PlathSylvia Plath was born in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts to middle divide parents. Her father was domineering and abusive, he passed away when she was eight years old. This was an extremely difficult incident for Plath to deal with. Although Sylvia Plaths career as a poet was a lilliputian one, there is quite a difference between her early poetry and the poetry she wrote in the last six months of her life. She had a limited audience, but became more than eminent due to her tragic death. Readers are able to find the humanity of her life through the unraveling of her poetry. "Ariel, was a poem written during Plaths final months. In sieve we read three poems called Morning Song, Daddy, and Event. Her use of alliteration, slant rhyme, imagery of the horrible and unnatural, and her recurring themes of lost identity or create identity are very perceptible in her writing. In Ariel Plath allowed her unique voice and vision to more fully su rface, compared to her other poetry. The Ariel-period poems of Sylvia Plath demonstrate her desire for rebirth.In Plaths poem Morning Song she is describing the birth of her second child and the trials of the first nighttime with a new offspring. Usually giving birth is a celebration in most peoples lives, but Plaths experience was a melancholic and dramatic one.                                                    Bilton 2     Throughout the poem readers earth-closet pick up on the fear and phobia she is feeling. Love set you going like a fat gold watch. The midwife slapped your foot soles, and your bald-faced cry      took its place among the elements. It seems she is trying to accept this occurrence as much as she can, but she is in a fragile state. She describes the baby like a statue in a museum, Plath feels very uncomfortable with the art that she has created. She portrays the baby in a vulnerable state all through the poem, for example when she writes, All night your moth-breath flickers among the flat pink roses. The title Morning Song means the childs cry in the morning. Plath did not know how to deal with this experience in her life, and she did not approach situations the way mothers typically do. This poem demonstrates how she deconstructed the episode and broke it down to the bare. She gives the reader a glimpse of what a harsh and lonely globe she lives in.

Kings Park Psychiatric Center :: essays research papers fc

The Kings commons Psychiatric Center has had a large effect on the social changes of Long Island. A small town grew larger and prosperous from the direct effect of this State hospital from the time of 1885 to the present. The history of the town, the patients and coquette cases held, and the concluding plans for the land after its closing have all had a significant mark on the social changes of the town.The first hospital was built in a quiet call downing town later named Kings Park. In 1885, officials of what was then the city of Brooklyn established the Kings County Farm on more than 800 acres to care for the mentally ill. Kings Park was only a small part of what would later become a giant chain of connected mental hospitals on Long Island, separately with over 2,500 patients at one time.(Bleyer,2) As new buildings went up at Kings Park, so did the patient population. At the turn of the century, Kings Park in just 15 years had grown to, 697 patients and a staff of 454. This d ramatic increase had given the hospital a larger population than the rest of the Town of Smithtown. (Sarhaddi) The hospital was very(prenominal) equipped therefore, not very dependant on the rest of Long Island.All the hospitals built around this time prided themselves on being self-sufficient farm communities. At Kings Park, the three wooden houses grew into more than 150 permanent buildings, including a bakery, Laundromat, amusement hall, bandstand, library, furniture repair shops, and nursing school. Most of the people who lived in Kings Park worked at the Psychiatric Center. Many of them were Irish immigrants brought from their native land more than 50 years ago by relatives who worked at the mental hospital on the Long Island Sound and who had promises of jobs for them too. (Bleyer)During World War II, when many employees joined the armed forces, Central Islip recruited black workers from the Carolinas, which led to cultural changes in the mix of the community. This developed trenchant differences between certain areas of race such as African American, Hispanic, and white neighborhoods. Minority groups not allowed to fight in the war or not taken to fight were offered jobs to work at the hospitals. The Kings Park Psychiatric Hospital hadnt really become very over-populated until the 1960s. (Sarhaddi)The Kings Park Psychiatric Center was in its anthesis in the 1960s.

Kings Park Psychiatric Center :: essays research papers fc

The Kings greens Psychiatric Center has had a large effect on the social changes of Long Island. A weeny township grew larger and prosperous from the direct effect of this State hospital from the time of 1885 to the present. The history of the town, the patients and court cases held, and the concluding plans for the land after its death have all had a significant mark on the social changes of the town.The first hospital was built in a quiet farming town later named Kings Park. In 1885, officials of what was then the city of Brooklyn established the Kings County Farm on to a greater extent than 800 acres to care for the mentally ill. Kings Park was only a small part of what would later become a giant chain of connected mental hospitals on Long Island, each with over 2,500 patients at one time.(Bleyer,2) As new buildings went up at Kings Park, so did the patient population. At the turn of the century, Kings Park in just 15 years had grown to, 697 patients and a ply of 454. This d ramatic increase had given the hospital a larger population than the rest of the Town of Smithtown. (Sarhaddi) The hospital was very equipped therefore, not very hooklike on the rest of Long Island.All the hospitals built around this time prided themselves on being self-sufficient farm communities. At Kings Park, the three wooden houses grew into more than 150 permanent buildings, including a bakery, Laundromat, amusement hall, bandstand, library, furniture repair shops, and nursing school. Most of the people who lived in Kings Park worked at the Psychiatric Center. Many of them were Irish immigrants brought from their native land more than 50 years ago by relatives who worked at the mental hospital on the Long Island Sound and who had promises of jobs for them too. (Bleyer)During World fight II, when many employees joined the armed forces, Central Islip recruited black workers from the Carolinas, which led to cultural changes in the mix of the community. This developed distinct d ifferences between certain areas of race much(prenominal) as African American, Hispanic, and white neighborhoods. Minority groups not allowed to fight in the war or not taken to fight were offered jobs to work at the hospitals. The Kings Park Psychiatric Hospital hadnt really become very over-populated until the 1960s. (Sarhaddi)The Kings Park Psychiatric Center was in its Heyday in the 1960s.

Film Essay – the Hours

The Hours Mellissa Krause 02/08/13 Production Paramount Pictures/ Miramax Films, January 2003 Producer Robert Fox Scott Rudin Mark Huffman Director Stephen Daldry Screenplay David coney (screenplay) Michael Cunningham (novel) Cinematography Seamus McGarvey Editing Peter Boyle Music Philip Glass Principal Characters Clarissa Vaughan Meryl Streep Laura Brown Julianne Moore Virginia WoolfNicole Kidman Richard Brown Ed Harris KittyToni Collette Julia Vaughan Claire Danes Louis WatersJeff Daniels Leonard WoolfStephen DillaneS all toldy LesterAllison Lester Dan Brown John C. Riley Vanessa BellMiranda Richardson The pacing in the bring The Hours reinforces the mood greatly throughout the film . The film is about three women in three different time periods who all experience suicidal thoughts and paederastic feelings. Although a slower pace, the film has a definite tempo to it, moving between the three main characters smoothly through parallel cuts in a cross-cutting fashion. Most of the pacing is slow, suggesting a thoughtful approach to the movie for the viewer.At times, the films pacing mocks the classical music playing in the background, therefore truly little contrast in pacing exists. The editing helps to portray a very smooth, almost choreographed feeling to the film. That said, the music in the film, almost a constant, speeds up and slows down during more exciting scenes. An example is during the scene when an magnanimous Richard Brown falls to his death. The music is very calm as he is speaking to his turn up friend Clarissa Vaughan and then as he falls from the window, the piano in the background gains a much quicker tempo.In one of the opening sequences of the film, the use of support cuts (all straight cuts) between the characters of Virginia Woolf and Clarissa Vaughan both doing the same tasks, getting ready for the day, shows Clarissa starting to put her hair in a bun and then cuts to Virginia Woolf doing the same. This use of archives advancement between two time periods begins the task of tying the characters unitedly. This technique is used again shortly thereafter in a montage where all three women, Clarissa Vaughan, Laura Brown, and Virginia Woolf all speak of flowers.Virginia Woolf speaks of her main character getting the flowers herself, then in the next scene cut to Laura Brown starting to read the support Mrs. Woolf is writing in the prior scene and speaks aloud the first line Mrs. Dalloway buys the flowers herself which Mrs. Woolf referenced in the prior scene, and in the last scene Clarissa Vaughan (often referred to as Mrs. Dalloway such as in Virginia Woolfs novel referenced throughout the film) says Sally, I think I will buy the flowers myself. This successfully ties all three timeframes together along with the characters while supplying the viewer with their common thread.In one of the most poignant sequences when Laura Brown is driving a young Richard Brown back dental plate after she almost kills hersel f at a hotel. She looks at him and tells him, Your my guy and the child smiles the brightest smile of the whole film, very faint slow motion is used at this point to portray the intensity of the situation. This technique also helps with the transition to another time period. Jump cut to another very intense scene where an adult Richard Brown is remembering this and weeping. Another great transition which rakes place is through the use of inside/out editing.While most the film is editing is done from the outside(a)/in perspective, one scene where Virginia Woolf is at the train station, we are jolted from the home of Clarissa Vaughan to a view of a moving train and eventually the enlarge are revealed that the viewer has been transported back to England with Mrs. Woolf as the camera pans back. Works Cited The Hours. Dir. Stephen Daldry. Paramount Pictures/Miramax Films. 2003. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/The_Hours_(film) http//www. imdb. com/title/tt0274558/fullcredits? ref_=tt_ov_s t_smcast

Essay on an Analysis of Horror Movies Essay

Horror has been a long time one of the most popular categories of films in the movie industry. People desire to watch annoyance films to be afraid and to outdo their fears On a psychological level, the horror film dramatizes our nightm bes, so that we can confront them (Sigmund Freud, p.644). Gradually, because horror films became to a fault repetitive and in like manner numerous, flock got used to watching them and were no longer terrified. Even if horror films do not scare us, why do we handle to watch them? The reason is rattling simple horrors films became so un actuallyistic, so ridiculous and, in return, very quaint to watch. Firstly, this essay allow for focus on how the ordered killer (the bad guy) is ridiculous by his invulnerability, due to his power. Secondly, it will focus on how the characters are ludicrous, silly by their stupidity and on the setting which is over-exaggerated. To conclude, it will be shown how the fe phallic portrait is so demeaning, unrealist ic and absurd. Examples from horror films Nightmare on Elm Street 3, Friday the thirteenth (Part 8) and Freddy VS Jason will be used to ascend these points.First of all, the serial killer (bad guy) in horror films is most of the time very powerful, very strong and seems invulnerable to injuries from their victims. For example, in a scene from Friday the 13th (Part 8), a young black teenager tries to escape from Jason by going on the roof of a building. Of course Jason finds him and, seeing that he is trapped, the young male child decides to fight Jason with his fists. He incessantly punches Jason, yet the serial killer does not seem affected. Tired, the boy stops to hit and Jason punches his head causing it to fall strike and fly through the air. It is funny to see this absurd scene which is impossible to do in the real life. The horror film offers to see all kinds of terrorisation events, to feel something of the same fear and terror as the characters on the screen, (Ira Konig sberg, p.469).There is nothing frightening in this idealistic scene because the killer is too strong, too ridiculous and people will laugh. Another example of ridiculous killers is Freddy Krooger. Freddy is most like a comic book superhero aggressive, resourceful, and unbeatable he gets what he wants. Freddy says, I am eternal, and he can become anything he wants a bathroom, a puppet, a showerhead, a motorcycle, a diving board, a huge snake, a cartoon character, and so on. His identity is one of absolute power. Stalkers like Freddy, Jason, cannot bestopped.(Gary Heba, p.106) In short, the evil character (Jason, Freddy, etc.) in horror films are always ridiculous and funny to watch because they are too powerful, too strong and too invulnerable.Also, the characters and the settings are other elements which create horror films so hilarious. Most of the time, the characters have stupid reactions date dealing with the murderer. By example, in a scene of Freddy VS Jason, a girl teen escapes from Freddy in her dreams. She enters in a big room and hides herself in a locker thinking that Freddy will not find her. She is so noisy that Freddy easily finds her and kills her. Everything seems to occur by chances in horror films but is calculated in reality. For example, in Friday the 13th (Part 8), a young woman escapes from Jason in the woods, falls and finds a knife on the ground that she picks up to defend herself. The chances that it happens in the real life are very minimal. In a few words, the characters are often unrealistic by the way they act and the setting is too calculated. These things make horror films out of reach and very witty.Another factor that makes the horror film so unrealistic and not scary is the female portrait. In horror movies, most of the ladies are very hot and are often naked. Women are perceived as internal objects because they are usually used in sexual scenes to attract the attention of the male audience. The girls seem to have all t heir assets in their body and none in their head. Generally, the slaughterer in horror films is a male and most of the victims are young women. Critic and researchers have claimed that movies such as Friday the 13th, Nightmare on Elm Street, feature acts of extreme violence , women singled out for dent and death and scenes of explicit violence juxtaposed with sexual or erotic female images.It has been argued that females are more frequently the targets of violence in slasher films.(Barry S Sapolsky, p.28). For example, in the Friday the 13th (Part 8), there is a couple who are having sex in a boat. Quietly Jason goes aboard the boat, picks up a harpoon gun and goes in the bedroom where the couple is. Quickly he harpoons the couple who was copulating. To sum up, the female portrait is very demeaning in horror films and it makes these films very absurd, improbable, unintelligent and very comical to watch because thewomen would never act as ridiculously in real life.To sum up, peopl e like and continue to watch horror films because they are ridiculous, unrealistic and very funny in return. Many factors make these films like that the serial killers who are always too powerful, too strong and too unbeatable (like Jason Voorhees and Freddy Krooger) the characters who act so stupidly and the setting that is so improbable and the female portrait which is very demeaning because the women are perceived most of the time as sexual objects most of the women are not like that in the real life. Maybe one day the movie industry will understand that people want to be scared when they go to watch a horror film and not to burst out in laughter.

Barack Obama Essay

There is no doubt that President Barack Hussein Obama II has authentic much attention and interest from not only the United States, but international. He is not only praised because of his skin color, but because of the values he believes in and what he stands for. He represents something the country has needed for a long time. During his 2008 campaign for US president, he embodied the very meaning of the word hope. Obamas election was truly revolutionary. His story can been considered a huge milestone in the United States history. The very fact that Barack Obama was voted in, and by a very vainglorious margin, shows proof that the country has abandoned its usual ideas on who is fit to run in high office. Baracks multi-cultural background serves to represent the melting pot the States is.He was born in Honolulu, Hawaii to a Kenyan father, Barack Obama Sr., and Stanley Ann Dunham, a Caucasian woman from Wichita, Kansas. He has gone through many hurdles and has climbed his elbow roo m up a focused political ambition ladder. Being the first president of African American descent to the illustrious United States and also his many achievements have made him a person of much respect and high admiration.Obamas presidency has gone through a series of success and accomplishments. by and by being elected, he successfully passed many legislations, such as the healthcare bill. The bill aimed for offering tremendous coverage while providing an affordable healthcare. Barracks presidency is also branded by other victories such as the $787 billion Stimulus Bill. The passing of this bill took place one month subsequent after succeeding the presidency from George W. Bush. The stimulus bill helped boost the staggering economy. Two years later, he passed the Wall Street Reform to regain temper of the economy after its practices which caused the Great Recession.This law tightens capital requirements on large banks and other financial institutions, requires that large banks prov ide living wills to avoid hectic bankruptcies, limits their talent to trade with customers money for their own profit, and creates the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to catch abusive lending products and companies. He was heavily praised for ending the War in Iraq. both U.S. military forces were ordered out of the country, with the last troops leaving on December 18, 2011. With new policies, diplomacy, and rhetoric, he reversed a sharp decline in world opinion toward the U.S. during the Bush years. From 2008 to 2011, favorable opinion toward the United States rose in ten of fifteen countries surveyed by the Pew Global Attitudes Project, with an average augment of 26 percent.To summarize, Obama, with his qualities accompanied with key factors such as human approach, empathy, positive attitude, courage to take risk, and bravery to face challenges is a great leader, particularly for the US and generally for the world. His background and experiences in life, united with vibrant qualities of a good leader, make him a wonderful role model and universally acceptable. ReferencesGlastris, Paul, Ryan Cooper, and Siyu Hu. Obamas buy the farm 50 Accomplishments. The Washington Monthly. N.p., Mar.-Apr. 2012. Web. 28 Aug. 2013. Barack Obama. Organizing for Action. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Aug. 2013. http//www.barackobama.com/about/barack-obama?source=footer-nav

Millennium Development Goal and Bangladesh

Report on 2012 Millennium Development intention (MDG) and Bangladesh The get along with of Bangladesh on MDG A say submitted to the surgical incision of Economics, AIUB, as a course requirement of Economic Geography, Fall semester 2012 Prep atomic number 18d & Submitted byTeam HISTORYNazmun,MdIstiakAlam, NusratKhan,Jahirul Islam Akhter, clotheshorse TurashaShuvo,Shariar Al AminAshraf, Taskia Course teacherRAFIQ, FARHANAFaculty Department of Economics Date of submission 28 November 2012 Ameri tin Inter internal University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 28 November 2012 RAFIQ, FARHANA Faculty Economics DepartmentAmerican International University Bangladesh. Subject Submission of Report Dear Madam, We take a crap the pleasure to submit this floor entitled Mdg and growth of bangladesh which has been prepared in part-fulfillment of the requirements of the Final Examination Economic Geography. We take in discussed on our report ab forbidden MDGs and its appear in Bangladesh. We also hav e shown the worldwide progress of MDG. Finally, we are truly g positionful to you for giving us this pleasant opportunity to work on this report. The entire group contribution has led to the successful completion of this report.Despite our all possible attempts, certain deficiencies may reside and we sincerely regret this. Best Regards, 1. Nazmun,MdIstiak ID11-19119-22. Alam, Nusrat ID 11-19192-23. Khan,Jahirul Islam ID 11-18219-14. Akhter, Sheikh Turasha ID 11-19261-25. Shuvo,Shariar Al Amin ID 11-18231-15. Ashraf, Taskia ID11-19115-2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, we would like to thank to our course instructor of this Economic Geography course RAFIQ, FARHANA for the valuable guidance and advice. She inspired us greatly to work in this report. Her provideingness to motivate us contributed tremendously to our work.We also would like to thank her for her valuable time by part us for this report. This research report would not have been possible without the support of many pe ople. Our thanks and appreciations go to our classmates for making the semester period truly enjoyable. And we would also like to thank our al tycoony for helping me carry through this massive task. Summary The main objective of this report is to discuss about Millennium Development Goals and its Progress in Bangladesh. For making this report we have collected data from internet, books, teachers references.Our finding shows Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals lies at the core of UNDPs mandate, and is the focus of much of our work. Accordingly, UNDP and our partners results in the areas of governance, poverty decrease, environment, energy and climate form, disaster management, all contribute in different ways to the acceleration of MDG achievement. In particular, the Support to Monitoring PRS and MDGs in Bangladesh undertaking supported MDG acceleration in Bangladesh surrounded by 2006 and 2011. This project will shortly be reclaimed.It is expected that the report wi ll help to know about the MDGs as good as the situation of our country of achievement. Contents SectionPage Number * Introduction 06 * Discussion (a) MDG 07 (b) Goals and bunss . 07 (c) MDG and Bangladesh . 14 (d) Progress of Bangladesh 15 * Conclusions.. 29 * Bibliography 30 List of Figures halt Chart (1) 11 * Bar Chart(2) 12 * Bar Chart (3) .. 13 Introduction The MDGs reflect a set of activenesss and targets contained in the Millennium Declaration that was pick out by 193 nations in 2002 based on the Millennium Declaration agreed in September 2000. Bangladesh has recorded impressive feats in pulling people out of poverty, ensuring that more children, girls and boys, attend school, and have get at to clean pissing. Considerable progress has been make in child survival rate. Bangladesh is among the 16 countries who have received UN acknowledgement for being on track to achieve MDG4.There have been some improvements to address the countrys massive environmental challenges over the past decade as well. Out of the 52 MDG targets, Bangladesh is on track on 19 of them and 14 of them ingest attention (2011 data). Although Bangladesh is on track to achieve the Net Enrolment target, the drop-out place remain to high Enrolling the last 10% of the children, ensuring quality of education for children who are already enrolled in schools, and promoting sexuality equity in tertiary education, remain as major challenges. The maternal mortality ratio of Bangladesh at 194 has shown a major turnaround.Performance on this goal which was lagging is a major achievement. The threat of climate change can also diminish the hard earned beneficial impacts of courses of growth and learning not just for the people in impoverished settlements along coastal belts and river banks, but for the entire nation. Achieving full and prolific affair for all, including women and young people remains behind target. The labor force participation rate is humbled at about 51. 7% and womens participation although astir(p), is much lower at 23%. It is highly unlikely that Bangladesh will be able to ensure employment for all by 2015.Yet another challenge that Bangladesh faces is in addressing certain pockets of poverty that are lagging far behind with respect to the national averages and where the proceedss of MDGs attainment pauperization to be specifically reached. These areas include the urban slums, the hill tracts, coastal belts and other ecologically vulnerable areas. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight external studygoals that were officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration.All 193 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations have agreed to achieve these goals by the division 2015. The MDGs were developed out of the eight chapters of the Millennium Declaration, signed in September 2000. There are eigh t goals with 21 targets, and a series of measurable indicators for each target. Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger * come in 1A divide the counterweight of people living on less than $1 a day * Target 1B Achieve Decent Employment for Women, Men, and Young People * Target 1C divide the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Goal 2 Achieve universal old education Target 2A By 2015, all children can sleep with a full course of prime schooling, girls and boys Goal 3 Promote gender equality and empower women * Target 3A Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all aims by 2015 Goal 4 Reduce child mortality rates * Target 4A Reduce by two-thirds, mingled with 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate Goal 5 Improve maternal health Target 5A Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio * Target 5B Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health Goal 6 Combat human immunodefi ciency virus/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases * Target 6A Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS * Target 6B Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it * Target 6C Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability Target 7A Integrate the principles of sustainable increment into country policies and programs reverse loss of environmental resources * Target 7B Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss * Target 7C Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking wet and basic sanitation (for more information see the entry on water supply) * Target 7D By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the have intercourses of at least degree Celsius million slum-dwellers Goal 8 Develop a global partnership for development Target 8A Devel op further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system * Target 8B Address the Special Needs of the Least create Countries (LDC) * Target 8C Address the special necessarily of undercoatlocked ontogenesis countries and small island develop States * Target 8D Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term * Target 8E In co-operation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable, essential drugs in developing countries * Target 8F In co-operation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications Progress towards reaching the goals has been uneven. Some countries have achieved many of the goals, plot of ground others are not on track to realize any.A UN conference in September 2010 reviewed progress to date and concluded with the adoption of a global a ction plan to achieve the eight anti-poverty goals by their 2015 target date. There were also new commitments on womens and childrens health, and new initiatives in the worldwide battle against poverty, hunger and disease. From adjacent page, we have shown some statistics about progress of MDG all over the world. commentary Here is the percentageage of adjusted net enrolment ratio in primary education In typesetters case of the developing countries Enrolment ratio in primary education in 1990s was 82% while in 2008 it was 89%. In case of the developed countries Enrolment ratio in primary education in 1990s was 97% while in 2008 it was 96%.In case of the world Enrolment ratio in primary education in 1990s was 84% while in 2008 it was 90%. Bar Chart (1) verbal description This is the percentage of people earning less than $1. 25 a day. In the twelvemonth 1990 58% sub Sahara African are earning less than $1. 25 a day. & In year 2005 the percentage was only impose by 7% Which show that the progress is not good. On the other hand, In the year 1990 60% of easterly Asian is earning less than $1. 25 a day. While in the year 2005 the percentage was reduce by 44%, which is very high. Bar Chart (2) Description This is the percentage of mortality under five years old per 1000 In case of the developed countries in 1990s the number was 12 & In 2008 it was 6In case of the developing countries in 1990s the number was 100 & In 2008 it was 72 Here we found huge deference between the developed & developing countries. Bar Chart (3) MDG and Bangladesh The Government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve the MDGs within the given timeframe. The recently approved Sixth Five Year Plan (2011-2015) titled Accelerating growth and Reducing Poverty has laid out the operational details on the countrys endeavor to move forward with a view to achieving the passel 2021 of the Government. The Plan has integrated the Millennium Development Goals within the broader agenda of the economic and social targets.The Sixth Plan has adopted a holistic approach to reduce poverty and improve other social indicators, with special attention provided to remove the regional disparities in development. The beauty of implementing the 6th Plan is that in pursuit of achieving national development goals, the MDG will also be achieved as the terminal year of both the milestone goals coincides. The recent progress report of MDGs in Bangladesh 2011, shows that Bangladesh has achieved remarkable progress in the areas of primary schooling, gender parity in primary and secondary level education, lowering the infant and under-five mortality rate and maternal mortality ratio, improving immunization coverage and reducing the incidence of communicable diseases. The recent data reveal that incidence of poverty has been declining at an annual rate of 2. 6 percent in Bangladesh during 1991-1992 to 2010. If this trend continues, the target of halving the population living under the poverty line wou ld be achieved well before 2015. However, achievement of the hunger target might be difficult to attain due to volatility of the commodity prices and the challenges of underemployment. Progress of MDGs in Bangladesh * Goal 1 Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger Bangladesh is well on track to achieving Goal 1 with poverty coming down to 31. 5 percent in 2010. Also, the average annual rate of poverty reduction has been above rate required to meet the 2015 target. The poverty gap ratio has also decreased dramatically. flow rate StatusTarget 1.A Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income isless than $1 a day. 1. 1 Proportion of population below national upper poverty line, percent (38. 7 in 2008 bylinear extrapolation 41. 2 in 2009 by household self-assessment)Status on track1. 2 Poverty Gap balance, percent (9 in 2005)Status on track1. 3 Share of poorest quintile in national consumption (NA)Target 1. B Achieve full and productive employment and decent work fo r all, includingwomen and young people. 1. 5 Employment to population ratio, percent (58. 5 in 2006 and 59. 3 economically activein 2009)Status needs attentionTarget 1. C Halve between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer fromhunger. 1. Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age (6-59 months), (45% asof 2009)Status needs attention1. 9 Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, (40%as of 2005)Status needs attention * Goal 2 Achieve Universal Primary Education While a significant 95 percent has been achieved in terms of primary school enrollment, dropout rates remain high and therefore primary school completion rate low. Progress has been made in adult literacy 58 percent in 2010 but additional effort is needed to reach the target. original StatusTarget 2. A Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be ableto complete a full course of primary schooling2. Net Enrollment Ratio in Primary Educa tionBenchmark 60. 5 in 1991stream experimental condition 91. 9 (2008)Target 100Status on track2. 2 Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5Benchmark 43. 0 in 1991Current status 54. 9 (2008)5Target 100Status needs attention2. 3 Literacy rate of 15+yrs olds, women and men (%)Benchmark 36. 9 in 1991Current status 58. 3 (2007)Target 100Status needs attention * Goal 3 Promote Gender Equality & Empower Women Bangladesh has achieved gender parity in primary and secondary education together with being on track with respect to percentage of women employed in agriculture sector. Current StatusTarget 3.A Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by2005 and to all levels of education no later than 20153. 1a Ratio of girls to boys in primary educationBenchmark 0. 83 in 1991Current status 1. 01 (2008)Target 1Status Achieved before 20153. 1b Ratio of girls to boys in secondary educationBenchmark 0. 52 in 1991Current status 1. 2 (2008)Target 1S tatus Achieved before 201573. 1c Ratio of women to men in tertiary educationBenchmark 0. 37 in 1991Current status 0. 32 (2006)Target 1Status needs attention3. 2 Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sectorBenchmark 19. 1 in 1991Current status 24. 6 (2008)Target 50%Status needs attention3. 3 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliamentBenchmark 12. in 1991Current status 19 (2009)Target 33%Status needs attention * Goal 4 Reduce Child Mortality The country is on track with regard to achieving this goal. Significant strides have been made in all three indicators and if the trend sustains, the country will meet the 2015 target well ahead of schedule. Current StatusTarget 4A Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate. 4. 1 Under five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Benchmark 146 in 1991Current status 53. 8Target 48Status on track4. 2 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Benchmark 92 in 1991Current status 41. 3T arget 31Status on track4. 3 Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measlesBenchmark 54 in 1991Current status 82. Target 100Status on track * Goal 5 Improve Maternal Health This goal has been a major turnaround and is now truly a track to be achieved by 2015. Current StatusTarget 5. A Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortalityratio. 5. 1 Maternal mortality ratio (per 1,000 live births)Base year 1991 574Current status 348Target 143Status needs attention5. 2 Proportion of births attended by Skilled Health Personnel (percent)Base year 1991 5Current status 24Target 50Status needs attentionTarget 5. B Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health. 5. 3 Contraceptive prevalence rate (%)Base year 1991 40Current status 60Target 100Status needs attention5. Adolescent birth rate (per 1,000 women)Base year 1991 77Current status 60Target -Status needs attention5. 5A antenatal care coverage (at least 1 visit) (%)Base year 1991 28 Current status 60Target 100Status needs attention115. 5B Antenatal care coverage (4 or more visits) (%)Base year 1991 6Current status 21Target 100Status needs attention5. 6 Unmet need for family planning (%)Base year 1991 19Current status 17Target 7. 60Status needs attention * Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Bangladesh has made some progress in combating the spread of malaria with the number of prevalence dropping from 776. 9 cases per 100,000 in 2008 to 512. 6 in 2010. Current StatusTarget 6.A Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS6. 1 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24 yearsBase year 0. 005Current status 0. 319 (2007)Target HaltingStatus on track6. 2 Condom use at last high-risk sexBase yearCurrent status 44-67%TargetStatus need attention6. 3 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledgeof HIV/AIDSBase yearCurrent status 15. 8 (2006)TargetStatus need attentionTarget 6. C Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and othermajor diseases6. 6A Incidence of malaria per 100 000 populationBase year 776. 9 (2008)Current status 586. 0 (2009)Target 310. Status on track6. 6B Death rate associated with malaria per 100,000 populationBase year 1. 4 (2008)Current status 0. 4 (2009)Target 0. 6Status on track6. 7 Proportion of children under-5 sleeping under insecticide-treated bed netsBase year 81% (2008)Current status 81% (2009)Target 90%Status on track136. 8 Proportion of children under-5 with fever who are treated with appropriate antimalarialdrugsBase year 60% (2008)Current status 80% (2009)Target 90% (By 2015)Status on track6. 9A Prevalence of tuberculosis per 100,000 populationBase year 639 (1990)Current status 412Target 320 (50% reduction)/HaltingStatus 36% reduction/on track6. B Death rate associated with tuberculosis per 100,000 populationBase year 76 (1990)Current status 50 (2008)Target 50% reductionStatus 35% reduction/on track6. 10a Proportion of t uberculosis cases detected under DOTSBase year 21% (1994)Current status 70% (2009)Target 70%Status achieved/on track6. 10b Proportion of tuberculosis cases cured under DOTSBase year 71% (1995)Current status 92%Target 85%Status achieved/on track * Goal 7 Ensure Environmental Sustainability While significant progress has been made in terms of access to safe drinking water and sanitary latrines in urban areas, the same remains a challenge in rural areas.Also maintaining wet-lands and bio-diversity is still a challenge. Current Status7. 1 Proportion of land area covered by forestCurrent status 19. 2% (Tree density 10%),Target 20% (Tree density 70%)Status needs attention7. 2 CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)Current status 0. 30Status on track7. 3 Consumption of ozone-depleting substances (metric tons per capita)Current status 127. 88Target 0,15Status on track7. 4 Proportion of seek stocks within safe biological limitsCurrent status 54 inland fish species & 16 ocean species are t hreatenedStatus need attention7. 5 Proportion of total water resources usedCurrent status 6. 6% in 2000,Status needs attention7. Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protectedCurrent status 1. 78% terrestrial & 0. 47% marine areas protected (2010),Target 5%,Status needs attention7. 7 Proportion of species threatened with extinctionCurrent status 201 inland, 18 marine & 106 vascular plants are threatened,Target improvement of ecosystems for protection of species compareto 2000 situation,Status needs attention7. 8 Proportion of population using an improved drinking water sourceCurrent status 86%Target 100%,Status needs attention7. 9 Proportion of population using an improved sanitation facilityCurrent status 89%Target 100%,Status needs attention7. 0 Proportion of urban population living in slumsCurrent status 7. 8 %,Status needs attention * Goal 8 Develop a Global Partnership for Development cleverness of telephone lines and internet, particularly cell phone usage, has increas ed to a great extent but youth employment rate is still low. As intelligibly identified during the recent MDGs needs assessment and costing exercise, Bangladesh needs more resources to achieve MDGs. Immediate efforts need to be undertaken by development partners to examine the gaps and renew efforts to support critical MDG-oriented sectors. At the same time, the imbalance between loans and grants should be addressed by increasing the share of grants in ODA.In Bangladesh there have been numbers of policies, strategies, and implementation programmers, activities and interactions and debates surrounding the MDGs. In fact MDGs have emerged a way we are travelling through to the one goal of peace, prosperity and humanity. Conclusion plain for Humans believes the Millennium Development Goals are at the very heart of the stories to be portrayed in its inaugural production and will strive to gain these goals to the attention of as wide an audience as possible in order to further the d ialogue needed for change. Adopted by world leadership in the year 2000 and set to be achieved by 2015, the MDGs are both global and local, tailored by each country to suit specific development needs.They provide a framework for the entire international community to work together towards a common end making sure that human development reaches everyone, everywhere. If these goals are achieved, world poverty will be cut in half, tens of millions of lives will be saved, and billions more people will have the opportunity to benefit from the global economy. The MDGs are evident in the national planning framework. The revised National Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper has adopted a holistic approach to reduce poverty and improve other social indicators to achieve the MDGs, with special attention to the lagging regions. Overall Bangladeshs progress might be slow, but in some sector like child mortality, improvement of maternity health, primary education etc has the fast progress.So it is a positive sign that we can achieve the goals, might not in 2015 but in near future definitely. Bibliography * https//www. google. com/search? num=10&hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1366&bih=593&q=mdg&oq=mdg&gs_l=img. 3 1994. 2403. 0. 2934. 3. 3. 0. 0. 0. 0. 205. 276. 1j0j1. 2. 0 0. 0 1ac. 1. DQ5fVJymYv8 * https//www. google. com/search? num=10&hl=en&biw=1366&bih=593&q=mdg&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=iw&ei=SlGzUPjhNsTQrQfh5YCYCg * http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Millennium_Development_Goals * http//www. undp. org/content/undp/en/home/mdgoverview. hypertext mark-up language * https//www. google. com/hl=en&tbo=d&output=search&scl

Photo Assignments

1. Create at least three a? logical argument images. a? You may wish to browse a stock site online to see the types of images that are popular. For example, you might take a picture of a person cooking or a picture of a fare item. 2. Early photographers took portraits of people. Practice taking portraits of nearly oneness. provide at least two portrait photographs of the person. 3. The ability to create a color photograph was an important consign in the history of photography. Practice taking well-nigh color photographs. enter three of your front-runner color photographs. 1.Practice taking some nighttime photographs using what you larn in the unit. Submit two of the photographs that you took. 2. Find a moving-picture show or object that youad like to photograph. abridge the photograph using three varied modes on your television camera (even ones that wouldnat be ideal for the photograph, such as a landscape mode for a macro shot). Identify which modes you white plagued when you get the photographs. 3. Take some(prenominal) photographs of the aforesaid(prenominal) scene, but change the aperture setting for from from each one one photograph. Submit three photographs with antithetical aperture settings. Be sure to note which settings you used. ) 4. Take several photographs of the same moving object, but change the shutter speed setting for each photograph (the object could be players on a soccer field, a waterfall, a pet, etc. ). Submit three photographs with unlike shutter speed settings. Be sure to note which shutter speed settings you used. 5. Choose one camera mode and practice taking photographs that the mode is best used for. Submit three photographs that you took using the particular mode. The photographs do not need to be of the same subject. 1.Practice using the Rule of Thirds to compose some photographs. Submit three of the photographs that you think best illustrate the Rule of Thirds. 2. Practice using the guideline of filling the fr ame. Submit three photographs that you think best illustrate this guideline. 3. Practice taking pictures of lines. Compose photographs that contain at least one horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line. Use the guidelines to sponsor you compose a good photograph with the lines. Submit three of the photographs that you come up best use lines. 4. Practice taking some photographs from new perspectives.Submit three photographs that you feel best illustrate this guideline. 5. Instead of occuring the various composition guidelines, deliberately break them. Take two pictures of the same scene one in which you follow the rules of composition and one in which you deliberately break the rule. Submit at least two sets of photographs (four photos total of two different scenes). 1. Choose one scene or object to photograph. Take at least three photographs of this scene at three different multiplication of day. Be sure to note the times of day that you choose.Write a brief response about how the light changed in the photograph. 2. Take photographs of someone using frontlighting, backlighting, and sidelighting. You can use the sun or other(a) lighting. 3. Practice taking photographs on a cloudy or rainy day. repeal in three of your favourite(a)s from that practice. 4. Take some portrait photographs using a reflector. (Remember that white paper, poster board, sheets, or a wall can all act a reflector. ) Practice moving the subject in different positions sex act to the reflector. Turn in three of your best-loved photographs. . Practice taking photographs in different lighting conditions (indoors and outdoors, different times of day, different weather, and so on) to help you cleanse understand the impact of light on your photographs. Turn in three of your favorite photographs from your practice sessions. 1. Practice taking some photographs for conversion to black and white. When youave finished, use photo editing software to convert the images from color to black and whit e. Submit three of your favorite images. 2. Choose three different scenes or objects to photograph.When youave finished, save each color image and create a copy that you will convert to black and white. Submit the three sets of photographs (one color and one black and white) of each scene. point which photograph of the pair (color or black and white) that you prefer. 3. Take at least five photographs and use photo editing software to apply at least one different filter to each photograph. Submit the five photographs that youave applied a filter to. 4. Take at least ten photographs as you would if you were creating a panoramic shot.If you have editing software that will stitch the images together, you can try it with the photographs that youave taken. Submit all of the photographs that you took for the project, showing the tips discussed in the unit. 5. Practice using a tripod or other stable foundation (rock, table, etc. ) to take photographs from. Turn in three photographs that yo u took using the tripod or stable foundation. 1. Practice taking portraits of people. Turn in three of your favorite portraits from your practice. 2. Take photographs of a child. (Be sure to obtain permission from the childas parent(s) to do so. Turn in three of your favorite photographs of the child. 3. Take some photographs of a group (with three or more people). The group might be a family or a group of friends. experiment with some different arrangements. Turn in two pictures that show a different arrangement of the people in the photographs. 4. Practice taking some posed photographs of someone. Experiment with different props and portrait looks. Turn in three photographs that you feel are the best. 5. Practice taking some candid shots of someone. Experiment with having the person shackle in different activities.Turn in three photographs from your practice. 1. Practice taking landscape photographs of different scenes. Submit three of your favorite landscape photographs from you r practice. 2. Practice taking photographs from each of the three types of landscape photographs. Submit one example of each type of landscape photograph. 3. Chose one of the landscapes discussed in the unit and spend some time photographing in one of these location types. Submit three photographs from your practice that illustrate some of the tips for photographing in that type of landscape. 4.Chose one location to photograph in. Photograph the scene from different angles and in different lighting. Submit five of your favorite photographs that illustrate some of these differences. 5. Practice taking landscape photographs in which you use different focal points. Submit three of your favorite photographs that use a strong focal point. 1. Practice taking macro photographs of everyday objects that you find. Submit three of your favorite photographs from your practice. 2. Choose one larger subject to photograph (this could be an animal, person, clock, or any other item).Take macro photo graphs of different elements of the subject and take photographs from different perspectives. Submit three of your favorite photographs from this activity. 3. Take macro photographs of flowers, plants, or trees. If you can, try taking photographs of different species, different colors, and different forms. Submit three of your favorite photographs from this activity. 4. Practice taking macro photographs of insects, spiders, or other small creatures. If you can, try taking photographs of different species and from different perspectives.Submit three of your favorite photographs from this activity. 5. Practice taking macro photographs of people. If you can, try to work with several different age groups/individuals. Submit three of your favorite photographs from this activity. 1. Practice taking photographs of moving subjects (people, animals, cars, etc. ) using the cultivation from the unit to help you. Submit three of your favorite photographs. 2. Practice taking photographs of indi viduals playing sports (running, soccer, skiing, etc. ). If you can, try photographing several sports.Submit three of your favorite photographs from your practice. 3. Practice panning in photographs with a moving subject using the information from the unit. Submit three photographs from your practice (Note your moving subject may not be perfectly in focus. The important thing is to practice the technique. ) 4. Photograph some animals, either pets or wildlife. Submit three of your favorite photographs of animals. 5. Practice documentary photography. You might photograph a party, street scene, event, etc. Submit three of your favorite photographs.

Regeneration’ and Kesey’s Essay

However, McMurphy was except able to defeat the protect from what he learned when she defeated him in his bid to change the television schedule. Cheswick shows his hand higher and glares around. Scanlon shakes his head, and then raises his hand, keeping his elbow on the arm of the chair. And nobody else. McMurphy cant say a word. In this defeat, McMurphy learns that he must convince the patients of an idea in the first place being faced with the confine separatewise, the patients become frightened of her and lose their nerve.Once again, McMurphy attempted to change the TV schedule, but failed again due to technicalities such as the vote of the chronic patients, and the fact that the meeting had ended before McMurphy was able to get the majority vote so the motion was not carried. This incident form a bond between the patients against the hospital lag, and they had gained an important ally in Dr Spivey, an unwary double agent. However, In Regeneration the patients of Craigloc khart do not treat staff as if they were afraid of them. The doctors and nurses of Craiglockhart are less authoritative and are lenient with the rules of conduct.One of the VADs tugged at it. in that locations room for two in there, she said, smiling, coaxing. Have I to get in with you? . The patients treat doctors with respect and are friendly to screens other patients, tho at times the patients appear to fear sermon. Theres no area of analgesia, Rivers said to Sister Rogers. Prior snatched up the pad. IF THAT MEANS IT HURT YES IT DID. On the other hand, in One Flew Over The gooses Nest the patients treat nurse Ratched with minimal respect and some of the patients are very unprofessional in what they say and do to her and the other student nurses.It can be said that Craiglockhart is more civilised as a hospital, and nurse Ratcheds ward can be compared to a high shallow classroom where the patients are conspiring as to how they can defeat the nurse, similar to the path studen ts may act together to outwit a teacher. Nurse Ratched constantly undermines her patients in front of one other to make them feel inadequate almost emasculating them. Right at your balls. No, that nurse aint some kinda monster chicken, buddy, what she is, is a ball-cutter. On the other hand, Rivers sees his patients as his equals and treats them with high regard, even though Rivers himself is more intelligent and qualified than almost all of the patients that he treats. Patients in Ratcheds ward in addition resent the ward itself and its confines, and wish they could escape the dreariness of it all. The irony of this is that most of the patients who complain are not committed and are only in the hospital voluntarily, so they could walk out of the door at a moments notice however, the patients are unable to do this due to nurse Ratched devising them feel inadequate and therefore unfit for society.When McMurphy discovers that it is the Nurse who decides how long a patient spends on the ward, he is beside himself with anger, directed mainly at the other chills and fever patients for egging him along against the nurse, when all the while they knew that it would only get him committed for a longer period. Conversely, we are given the impression that all the patients at Craiglockhart are committed, however they all have the freedom to roam most of the institution and the outdoor facilities such as the golf course Prior watched the amber lights winking in his beer.He was sitting in the shadowy corner of a pub in some sleazy district of Edinburgh. The patients are allowed to get out the hospital premise and are trusted to be responsible enough to return. In One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest, patients are not even allowed to leave the premises without an accompanied pass. This is needed in order for McMurphy to take a group of the patients and Dr Spivey, one of the resident doctors of the hospital, on a fishing trip afterward in the novel. The fishing trip was organ ised by McMurphy for a number of reasons that could only possibly be contrived by a person of ripe mind.The first of these reasons is to deliver a blow to the nurses control over the patients and to show them that they are in fact free to do what they wish. His other incentives were money, which he acquired from the remainder of the funds from patients used hire the boat, and also the chance to spend some time alone with a wo adult male who would be concomitant the men on the boat, something that we can presume McMurphy has not been able to do for a while now. During the fishing trip, we are able to see the effect of nurse Ratcheds enfeeblement of the patients when they enter the garage to buy fuel.The mechanics at the garage are taken aback by the sight of patients from a psychiatrical institution, and the awkward exchanges between the doctor and the mechanics only make things worse. It is at this moment when McMurphy comes to the rescue of the patients and confronts the workers at the garage. were every bloody one of us hot of the criminal-insane ward, on our way to San Quentin where they got better facilities to handle us. McMurphy lies and uses bravado to frighten the mechanics and empower the patients, who no longer feel as if they are the express feelings stock of town and begin to order the workers around.This is an example of how mental infirmity is perceived in society at the time the book was set, and how the patients were able to get the hang its stigma, if only for a short period. Their personal triumph was over once the patients had reached the fishing port and were confronted by sailors who took the opportunity to make suggestive jokes about the patients feminine companion, as they stood there helplessly, unable to defend her without the presence of McMurphy. In Regeneration, the reader encounters a similar stigma attached to mental illness.One accompaniment case involves the character Prior, who is questioned about why he was not wearin g his blue hospital label. Prior retorts to Rivers question, stating that I wasnt wearing the badge because I was looking for a girl. Which as you may or may not know is not made easier by going around with a badge stuck on your chest saying I AM A LOONY. Prior assumes, perhaps from experience, that wearing his hospital badge would be a deterrent for women as nobody seems to jump at the opportunity to be involved with a mentally ill person.Another incident in involving the badge occurred with Sassoon when he went to the mercenary Club to meet Rivers. looking at the young man in uniform evoked, and then or perhaps he was being oversensitive? with a slight ambivalence, a growing doubt, as they worked out what the blue badge on his tunic meant. Once again, the reader is presented with a situation in which wad change their opinions when faced with an outcast from society, someone who is irrational and is therefore supposed to be unacceptable to the general public. Near the end of Regeneration Barker introduces another psychiatrist called Dr Lewis Yealland.He is similar to Rivers in that Yealland is also highly respected and acclaimed on his work however, the underlying difference between the two characters is in the way they treat their patients. Where Rivers would tend towards having a conversation with the patient to solve the problem, Yealland prefers to cast a dominating presence to the patient, neglecting their realizes and suggestions. No, Yealland said. The time for more electrical treatment has not yet come if it had I should give it to you. Suggestions are not wanted from you, they are not needed. Yealland does not allow patients to express themselves as he feels that any self-diagnosis by a patient is a threat to his judgement, and this is intolerable in his treatment. Yealland can be compared to nurse Ratched, in that both the characters require dominance in a situation and superiority over those under their jurisdiction. Another difference b etween Rivers and Yealland would be that Rivers, as mentioned before, endeavours to resolve the problem that the patient is wretched from, thus curing the patient of his illness, whereas Yealland merely addresses the symptom arising from the illness and treats the patient to rid them of this.He eradicates the symptom, while this is only the tip of the figurative iceberg, and neglects the patients psychological problem, which caused the symptom in the first place. In the novel, Yealland serves a larger purpose as a metaphor for the control that the government exerts over citizens, unbiassed towards the voices of individuals, for example, the voice of Siegfried Sassoon, which was ignored and discredited by the government in the same way Yealland ignores and discredits his patients views.Yealland provides the reader with a clear, yet cleverly concealed allegorical view of the novel where the same concept is repeated for a greater effect on the readers opinion of both the presentation of mental illness and the way it is treated, and also the governments approach to dealing with soldiers who cry out against the unjustness of war. Nearer the end of One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest, McMurphy throws a party one night for his farewell as he plans to break out of the ward and make his escape that night.The party is not sanctioned by the nurse who has no idea of its taking place, so McMurphy knows that he must leave otherwise he will be punished severely for his actions. On the night of the party McMurphy organises for a girl to come onto the ward and make love to Billy Bibbit, making him lose his virginity. McMurphys plan of escape fails and the nurse returns in the morning to find the atrocities that have taken place on her ward.She confronts Billy Bibbit about his actions, and he seems confident, however once the nurse threatens to informs Billys mother of his wrong doing Billy breaks down and pleads with her not to do so. Nuh Nuh His mouth was working. He shook his head, begging her. You d-dont n-n-need Billy is so disturbed by the prospect of his mother finding out about his actions, that he takes his own life shortly after the nurse confirms that she will inform his mother. After this event, the ward changes dramatically.Patients who were not committed begin to leave Sefelt, Frederickson, even Harding. McMurphy was taken away for a lobotomy, which succeeded in calming him down, but it did so to the point where he would not fit the description of a mentally ill patient, but more of a breathing corpse. The Chief cannot stand to look at this change in McMurphy so he resorts to suffocating him in order to put out his suffering once and for all. On doing so, the Chief escapes the ward by picking up the control panel in the tub room and throwing it through the window.This mirrors the event where McMurphy attempted to lift the control panel, the difference being that the Chief succeeded where McMurphy failed by teaching from him. This event is a representation of the book as a whole, where one mans titanic struggle and failure managed to stimulate another mans will to live, and as one circle of life draws to a close, a new one begins. Emile Khan 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Ken Kesey section.

Different roles within group

Identify five different roles within groups discuss the ways in which they can move over to the successful completion of a task. Leader/Facilitator The position of the leader is significant, as the team would not have any guide or direction and would close to likely become unproductive. The leader clarifies goals, promotes decision-making and delegates well. She/he must have outstanding interpersonal skills, being able to communicate effectively with team members hrough good listening, vocal and non-verbal communication.Team worker/ Motivator The role of the team worker is to maintain harmony and unity between all members they work towards resolving any conflicts that affect the teams dynamics. They are very motivating and supportive of other team members. They tend to never take part in decision making as they wouldnt want to be seen taking sides. Resource Investigator The Resource Investigator is a strong communicator, good at discussing with people utside the team and gatheri ng external information and resources.They are usually very rapid thinkers and excellent at extracting information from the foundation. They also are very advanced at networking with other teams and organisations. Completer/ Finisher The Completer/Finisher is a task-orientated member of the group and as their name implies they like to complete tasks they pay great attention to detail and are very good at organising meetings/ discussions for the team.They detention the team up on schedule and can usually have a tendency for being anxious about meeting targets and deadlines. Implementer People who exercise the implementer in the team are the one who usually get everything done. They are practical, focused and strong minded individuals and turn the teams proposals into plans. Due to their rigid nature, implementers would rather bond to old, tried and tested methods than to embrace change and improvement.

Explore the Theme of Monstrosity in Frankenstein Essay

Montrosity is a key in Frankenstein, and it affects both the Creature and Victor, whilst at the same clock time , Shelley argues that smart set is monstrous through injustices of the time and the social conventions. Frankenstein could be said to be the monster himself- when he says miserable monster whom I had created, we perk up Shelley implicitly suggest, through the alliterative phrase, that just as go was created in Gods jut out so too was the Creature born in the image of Victor. Moreover, the head that Frankenstein is himself the monster is reenforce by or rather cell. Cell refers to a prison cell, and is used symbolicalally to represent the idea that just like a cell is for criminals, who perform fares of monstrousity, so to is Frankenstein the criminal commiting an act of monstrosity. On the other hand, we could argue that it was not so much the act of creation that was monstrous, but rather Frankensteins reaction. By writing I ran out of the room we see Victor perfo rm the ultimate rejection, and thitherfore, shunning the responsibilty that exists in the binary among Parent and Child- as John McRae argued.It is interesting to note that Frankenstein rejects the monster because of an innate selfishness- the beauty of the dream vanished implies that Frankensteins physical creative activity does not equal that of his mental conception, and that because Frankensteins plan are in disarray, his rational scientific methods- I selectedin proportion show this- are replaced by emotional responses which for him, is territory unknown- in the same port Walton seeks to ascertain the secrets or how the Creature wants to understand human behaviour at the De Lacys. Thus, we see a connection between Victor and the Creature- whom he describes as miserbale monster.Furthermore, the fact that Frankenstein thunder mug only serve to the Creatures birth in empirical, scientific observations- pearly white teeth, slow eye- constrasts with Elizabeths response to Will iams death- O I have murdered my child. By portraying Elizabeth in a positive light- she forms an emotional response, which juxtaposes with the sterile feelings of Frankenstein at the conception of the Creatue, Shelley implies that women present a greater pointedness of humanity- and thus criticises the male dominated society on education- whilst they may read Shakespeare and Agrippa, women will be worldly-wise, (no interrogation influence by her feminist mother) and that they are necessary to prevent monstrosities.This idea of the female role is reinforced by the fact that as the novel progresses, the women are slowly being removed- first his Mother, so Justine and then Elizabeth- I saw Elizabethheld the corpse of my dead mother. This presents Frankensteins mental degregation and ultimately, the ctalyst for the mosntrous act- so Shelley presents the idea of a dichotomy between man and women- Darwin supported this by suggesting the hierachy of reproducion- man and woman is better than man alone. However, it could alike be argued that Frankensteins settings augment his monstrousity- we see a sense of isolation- solitude is repeated, implying that by imposing self-exile, Frankenstein detaches himself from society and its rules and that he has become an outsider (McCrae)- much as the monstrousity that Victor calls the Creature, is also an outsider.Indeed the connection between the two is best examined by the Shelley use of the mountain-top- Chamonuix, where I saw him- which alludes to the idea of the Creator and Creation clashing (Hayward), both as equal, with both, arguably as montrous, Victor for abondoning the Creature, and the Creature (for Victor) a representation fo his failure. By using Solitude and Filthy Workshop of Creation, Shelley implies that this isolation leads to thoughts of monstrousity- Godwin influecned her argiung it was a nusery of madmen. This separation from society is symbolic too. If Geneva is Eden, then by extending against the lim its of knowledge-if no man broke the rules suggests no remorse- he sting himself off, much like Lucifer in Paradise Lost- and thus, Shelley implies that this inner monster within Frankenstein and all of us, can only be restrained by a balance- whether, male or female, or equal laws.The idea that the monstrousity is within Frankenstein (and therefore us) is suggested by barmyness in his eyes- he claims the Creature to be wild, but if the eyes are windows to the sould, Shelley suggests and innate montrosity in him (and us) an id that is the carnal desires. This contrasts the idea of the Monsters dull eyes- which challenges the idea that the Creature is the monstrosity- this challenge is the reason why Shelley uses the Chinese Box Narrative- the various narritve eyes makes us formulate our own judgement. In fact, the Moster, may be the most human of us all- he imitates the physiognamy and manners in the same behavior that Justine did, yet both are treated inequitablely.This idea of an unfair treatment alludes to Shelleys belief that monstorusity exists in society- so whilst we can say it was Victors personality to be monstorus (and that society placed limits to prevent this), the nurturing of him within society is what leads to the monstrosity arguably. In the case of the Justine, the derision is that she is treated un-JUSTlY contrary to her name- which perhaps could be Shelleys sly reference to her desire for female eqaulity (influenced by Wollstencraft the feminist motehr) a name is afforded to all, and Justines name contains justice- therefore, when she is found guilty- there is a trangression of nature, in the same way that Frankenstein transgresses nature by creating life.This presents the idea that society is too expeditious to judge- just as Frankenstein believes seemingly to grab me, Justine is quickly found guilty- regardless of Elizabeths plea- no delight in Shelley present s the law in such a negative light- judgemeddle in the dark side of huma n nature, because it is flawed and makes rash decisions. Thus, we see Shelley regard society as the monster. To conclude, monstrosity is pervades throughout the novel, affecting all characters and being influenced by setting and society. Yet, in the same way that the Creature was Frankensteins creation, the novel coould be seen as her monster-shunned by contempories but exposing the reatiy of monstrosity within us all.

Bartleby I Would Prefer Not Too

Herman Melvilles Bartleby, the Scrivener scrutinizes the impersonal, harsh, and isolating fatigue conditions in America soon later the industrial revolution. Bartleby is presented as a foil to his repressed and ignorant coworkers Turkey, Nippers, and Gingernut who positionicipate, however dysfunctionally , in the brutal system. In contrast, Bartleby distinguishes himself to the narrator and the reader as the strangest scrivener I ever saw or heard of( ) by rejecting the telluric work of copying legal documents and proof reading them.He embodies passive resistance through the repetition of the chemical reaction l would prefer not to when faced with a command from his employer. Through the use of key oral communication such as would and prefer, Melville gives Bartleby the appearance of submitting to his employers, the lawyers, judgment and authority. This display of subordinance, however, is only an illusion. Bartleby rejects the capitalist hierarchy on which Wall Street is built and thus also rejects the lawyers authority. What exactly does Bartleby prefer not to do?He prefers not to comply with the dehumanizing reality of the American capitalist economy. As scriveners, Bartleby and his coworkers live an automaton-like existence, robotically reproducing documents written by others. conflicting Bartleby, however, his coworkers have been indoctrinated into conforming through the never-fully- satisfying reward of wages. As stated by Karl Marx, a German economic revolutionary, Capital is dead labor, which, vampire-like, lives only by sucking living labor, and lives he more, the more labor it sucks. (Marx) By preferring not to , Bartleby protests against alienating, mundane labor. The life- sucking effect of capitalism is also demonstrated by Bartlebys foregoing occupation as a subordinate clerk in the Dead Letter Office ( ). This calling consisted ofa pallid hopelessness( ) of continually handling these dead letters and assorting them for the flames( ). Bot h of Bartlebys jobs provide no button for communication, individuality, creativity or growth.The apitalistic economy has stripped him of his humanity, and he would prefer not to continue taking part in it. By using the phrase, l would prefer not to, Bartlebys also causes the lawyer to stagger in his own plainest faith (1 1 and to doubt the rules upon which his own society is built.

Cognitive Development Essay

Social cognition is transaction with thoughts and beliefs ab let on(predicate) the hearty world. Social cognition allows the focus about oneself and people. Some aspect object lessons ar thoughts, desires, and emotions. Social-cognitive teaching sense gutter be a positive achievement for a small fry in small fry teaching. Social cognitive victimisation allows a child to explore and figure out how things work. Jean Pi ripent had thoughts about how development is a general process and it allows children to do way of call ining that is useful bout the development of social cognition.Piaget suggested that during infancy, reality begins primarily at the start of the child and his or her actions actions and the outside environment. From this starting point, development proceeds both inward, allowing children to gain a better understanding of themselves, and outward, allowing them to gain a better understanding of the broader world. (Siegler, 2005) Social cognitive development is view in a way that children do non check over from influences of the environment however bay window often learn and use mien due to their testify personalised thoughts, motivation, feelings and actions.While observing children, something to think about atomic number 18 consequences and examples of setting performance goals. This fuel be a great way to set up boundaries for children. Also these are nevertheless a few example of how social cognitive possibility function. This theory provide excessively be split up into third distinguishable but equally valid components observational knowledge, self-efficacy and self- regulation. (Wood, 1989) Observational erudition is the process of learning with observing, imitating and reflecting from the behavior of others.In most cases, observational learning occurs when someone examines the actions of another and reflects upon the other and their consequences (Ngai, 2007). Depending on the fibre of consequence in the action t hat was performed, the child that is observing can imitate that behavior. The child observing can perform the behavior in a positive or negative way. Observational learning can be seen as reinforcement but it is self-reinforcement that the child can perform.An example is a group of 4 and 5 year olds are experimenting in the dramatic play area and another child comes along to interact with the group that had been watching their interactions from afar. That child is most likely to follow their ways and choices because he has discovered it. In second component of social cognitive theory is self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief that a child is surefooted to perform task successfully and complete the task as well. Self-efficacy in a childs view can take place and their actions can be modify by past experiences or from prior knowledge they have gained.Self-efficacy is not a strong trait component but is affected by experiences and past successes while performing the specific task. Self- efficacy is also influenced by perceiving others performing the task, communicative persuasion, encouragement and ones physical and/or mental state (Wood, 1989) . An example is a child that sets a goal for them to achieve and they reach that goal. They then have that self- fulfillment. There can be a down side and the low self- esteem can come in if a child does not reach the goal think. The last component of the social cognitive theory is self-regulation.Self- Regulation is to apply the learning principles and adjusting to the behavior that was learned. Self- regulation involves two things. Observation and then actions should be compared. When a child meets the behavior intended or if the behavior is exceeded then they can feel this self-reward fulfillment. It is a way to manage ones own behavior with little external influences. An example of self- regulation is the dos and donts for a child. For a child, the dos accommodate doing things or finishing things they really do not want to do. Donts include stopping themself from doing something they want to do.Children deal with dos and donts in very different ways. (Wood, 1989) Piaget stated that young children and their way of thinking are characterized by egocentrism. He also stated that children can have bother in separating their own perspective from that of what they observe from others. Preschool children can often conclude that the way that other children or people think or feel or wish exactly what they do, which is common in their social-cognitive understanding. concomitant research has demonstrated that Piaget somewhat underestimated young childrens perspective-taking abilities.His work did identify a central gainsay in each social-cognitive activity which is separating ones own viewpoint from that of others (Ngai, 2007). When it comes to young children, there are two important tasks they are capable of facing. One is learning how to tell. Children can have a unwaveringly time expressing how they feel or what they want. Sometimes children express how they feel only through their emotions instead of apply their words. The next hard thing children are capable of facing is learning how to think about themselves and the social world around them.Children can be one sided and only want what they want and not think about all consequence that can occur in the environment around them. The more that they communicate in language the better their social cognition can develop and grow. This also allows for more associate and social interactions. A goal for early child development that continues to grow and that is important is that children are proceed to develop and are able to role play with other children and subconsciously they are actively constructing their own knowledge. In social learning theory, behavior can be explained in a three-ways.The first theory is called dynamic theory. This is when influences in the environment, personal factors and behavior that is perfo rmed leave alone continue to interact. Something basic in the social learning theory is that children learn from their experiences and they also learn from their observations and actions of the other children or people around them. Like Piaget, in the 1970s, Albert Bandura published a comprehensive framework for understanding human behavior, based on a cognitive formulation which he named the social cognitive theory (Valkenburg, 2004).Children that have special necessitate or cognitive impairment should be able to have the same privileges as children that do not have any special needs. They can be successful in school and live normal fulfilling lives. They whitethorn just need a bit of individual help in learning new things. Children with special needs or cognitive impairment may need extra time, things repeated to them and the right lovely of modeling behavior to help them learn the skills they need to know to live a normal fulfilling life.Practice can help them master these sk ills that may count simple but are difficult to those children. Skills that may seem simple and easy to people without disabilities can be done with people with cognitive impairment. Skills such as learning appropriate hygiene, how to be safe and how to use manners are made possible. Encouragement should be promoted to these children that have a social impairment because independence can be learned, they can have forward motion in their development and they are learning new skills. Keep in mind that patience is compulsory and any extra time needed.The same things can apply to the children that have special needs but their scenarios will be a little different because we will not know specific kind of need needs to be addressed. Children that have special needs can gain the same credibility. It is beaver if educators and reboots collaborate to help children with cognitive impairment. Children with learning disabilities may experience difficulties encoding and interpreting social c ues. They may be less competent than non- disabled students in understanding and interpreting social cues.Children with learning disabilities may also experience difficulty with development process of social cognition, wherein the variety of solutions proposed by these children is less than that of their normative comparing peers. For instance, in studies involving roleplaying measures of social problem-solving skills, children and adolescents with learning disabilities may experience more difficulty with generating alternative solutions to divinatory social situations than their peers without learning disabilities (Tur-Kaspa, 2002).Toro, Weissberg, Guare, and Liebenstein (1990) obtained a similar finding when they compared the social problem solving skills of children with learning disabilities to non-learning disabled peers (Ngai, 2007). When simple tasks are broken down into go that may seem more simple, this will children that have a social impairment learn easier. An example is something as simple as getting dressed. If steps are explained to the child like first put your shirt on, button it, put you pants on and then put on your belt.When the belt is on, then it is time for socks and shoes. These repeating steps can be demonstrated verbally and physically to help the child with the social impairment learn the skill. It is encouraged to found positive praise and support for the child as well. Always give positive praise from any attempt. This process, referred to as task analysis, can be used to teach proper hygiene techniques, household chores, or any other skills (Ngai, 2007). Parents can also be a part of the support process. Parents can interference involved in their childs academic learning.Parents should be knowledgeable about stuff that goes on I the classroom and try to find activities or different ways to reinforce learning at home. If a child is learning new shapes or colors, parents can take their child on a walk and point out different sh apes to ask the child if they know what it is. The same activity can apply with colors. Working together with the child ad being on the same page as the educator can benefit the child greatly. (Ngai, 2007) Social activities in the community can serve as a valuable learning in like mannerl as well.Children with cognitive impairment can model the behavior of their peers, improve social skills, experience new and different settings and most importantly, have fun. To support the childs success, family members and the professionals providing services to the child should work together to understand the childs strengths, weaknesses, and interests (Ngai, 2007). This is called collaboration, which any school should be responsible for doing with all families and communities. The down fall for my chosen theory can be how much connection are changing and the ups and downs to it.In todays world many negative issues are arising and no matter how much we shield our children they still can learn from their environment. Some children are undecided to too much violence, drugs and negativity that they may carry that with them to a school setting. When they do, this is brought on other children that may not know about these things and now they are finding out about it because of that one child that has been exposed to it. Things that used to be innocent such as cartoons, Disney movies, toys, dolls, and music are all being contaminated by selfish people in the society today.Things are also so fast paced where everything seems to be rushed. Parents do not have the time for their children that should be dedicated to them. An example is during homework help. If a parent is in a rush to get something else done and are trying to help their child out with homework, that parent is more likely to give their child the answers the allowing their child to use and develop their social cognition. some other issue I feel that may arise is the lack of support from educators. Along with an i ncrease in teachers comes growing classrooms.Children are already lacking that one on one support from their educators. People are having more and more children which means our nation is growing in population. Children will suffer more because they will have a lack of material and less teacher interaction time. Where I currently work, the conductor accepts more and more children because she is so interested in gaining more money. In this change, the children are hurting socially emotionally because they are transitioning into older classrooms at a younger age and are forced to progress much more quickly.Like Piagets theory and model he broke down different stages as to how children change and the way they think during that stage. In some of the stages there are large age gaps where children should have the time to develop appropriately. If the population continues to rise and children are forced to mature much blistering than they should, than the question is are they going to be socially ready t advance to their next direct in school and will their social cognition be where it should be considering there are no disabilities of any kind?

Gun Ownership Essay

KENNESAW, Ga Several Kennesaw officials attri notwithstandinge a drop in crime in the urban center over the past two decades to a integrity that requires residents to start out a gun in the house. In 1982, the Kennesaw City Council unanimously passed a law requiring heads of households to own at least one and only(a) firearm with ammunition. The regulation states the gun law is needed to protect the safety, security and usual welf be of the tubingpolis and its inhabitants. Then-councilman J.O. Stephenson utter afterward the ordering was passed, everyone went crazy. People all over the country utter there would be shootings in the road and violence in homes, he said. Of course, that wasnt the case. In fact, according to Stephenson, it caused the crime rate in the city to plunge. Kennesaw Historical Society president Robert Jones said following the laws passage, the crime rate dropped 89 percent in the city, compared to the modest 10 percent drop statewide. It did drop aft er it was passed, he said. afterward it initially dropped, it has stayed at the same low level for the past 16 years. Mayor Leonard Church was non in office when the law was passed, but he said he is a staunch booster station of it. You cant argue with the fact that Kennesaw has the lowest crime rate of any city our size of it in the country, said Church, who owns a denture-making company in Kennesaw. The author of the ordinance, local attorney Fred Bentley Sr., attributes at least some of the decrease in crime to the bill. I am definitely in favor of what we did, he said. It may non be totally responsible for the decrease, but it is a part.Although he is pleased with the prohibitedcome, Bentley said he was originally opposed to drafting the law. I didnt think it could be written in a constitutional fashion, he said. Obviously, it was constitutional, because the American Civil Liberties Union challenged it in court and we won. Jones said the ACLU challenged the law in a federa l court just after it was passed. In response, the city added a clause adding conscientious objectors to the list of those exempt. Although the law is now being credited with a drop in crime, Jones said that was not the laws original purpose. He also pointed out that Kennesaw did not have a grown problem with crime before. The crime rate wasnt that high to start with. It was 11 burglaries per 1,000 residents in1981, he said. According to the Kennesaw Police Department, the citys most recent crime statistics show 243 property crimes per 100,000 residents in 1998, or .243 per 1,000. The citys crime rate continues to be far below other metro Atlanta citys with similar populations, like Decatur. In 1998, Decatur recorded 4,049 property crimes per 100,000 residents. Jones said one motivation for the council passing the ordinance had to do with publicity. It was done in response to a law passed by Morton Grove, Ill., outlawing gun ownership within the city limits, he said. Several counc il members were upset Morton Grove had gotten a standoff of attention with their ordinance so they decided to top them. They figured the gun ownership ordinance would rush that city right off the front pages. They were right. Jones said the ensuing publicity surrounding the law has precondition Kennesaw worldwide name recognition. I have been to Australia and Europe and when I tell people I am from Kennesaw they recognize the name as the place that requires everyone to own a gun, he said. But Stephenson said the bailiwick was not publicity-driven but issue-driven. We believed in the right of people to own guns, he said. Jones said he has sell 550 copies of a 1994 book about the first-of-its-kind law, The Law Heard Round the World. He said the law in its final form has many loopholes, so not everyone is required to own a gun. There are many outs, he said. When you look at it, almost anyone could fit into one of the exempted groups.Kennesaw Police Chief Dwaine Wilson said no one h as ever been prosecuted under the ordinance. Among those exempt are residents who conscientiously oppose maintaining firearms as a result of beliefs or religious doctrine. Others exempt include the physically and mentally disabled, paupers and those convicted of a felony. The law contains no clause addressing punishment for violating the law. If convicted, City Clerk Diane Coker said punishment would be determined by the general penalty clause of the Kennesaw Code Ordinance probably a fine of about $100. Jones said the peculiar law has not deterred anyone from moving to Kennesaw. Our population has increased just like everyones in gallium in the past 20 years, he said. The law really hasnt done any prostitute to the citys growth. The citys population in 1998 was recorded at 14,493 a swell increase over the 8,936 residents recorded in the 1990 census. Cobb Chamber of Commerce president Bill Cooper said odd laws are typically not counted as strike against a city when a task is looking to relocate.These laws dont have laws dont have an impact on a companys decision to move to Cobb County, Cooper said. Many communities have strange laws that are out of date. Businesses look at many factors when relocating, such as quality of life, education, infrastructure and available workforce. Bentley said the law actually may have helped business development. Kennesaw is home to more manufacturing businesses than any other Cobb city, he said. Companies have said they want to be located in conservative areas. And Kennesaw isnt the only city in Cobb with an unusual law on the books. According to Jeff Koon, who runs a Web site specializing in funny laws, Dumblaws.com, Acworth has an ordinance requiring residents to own a rake. In Marietta, it is illegal to spit from a car or a bus, but perfectly legal to spit from a truck.